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Question 43

Logical Reasoning Syllogism Easy

In the following question, there are three statements followed by two conclusions cl and c2. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the statements disregarding commonly known facts.
Statements:
s1. All incomes are salaries.
s2. Some salaries are perks.
s3. Some perks are tangible.

Conclusions:
c1. Some incomes are tangible.
c2. At least some perks are salaries.

(A) If only conclusion c1 follows.
(B) If only conclusion c2 follows.
(C) If either conclusion c1 or conclusion c2 follows.
(D) If neither conclusion c1 nor conclusion c2 follows.
View Dynamic Solution & Explanation ▼
Correct Solution: Option B

Step-by-step Solution:

Syllogism Solution

Solution

We need to evaluate the two conclusions based on the given statements.

Statements:

  • s1: All incomes are salaries.
  • s2: Some salaries are perks.
  • s3: Some perks are tangible.

Analysis of Conclusions:

  • c1. Some incomes are tangible: This does not follow. A chain of "All A are B" and "Some B are C" does not lead to a definite conclusion between A and C. Similarly, two chained "Some" statements (s2 and s3) do not create a definite link. Therefore, there is no certain connection between incomes and tangible things.
  • c2. At least some perks are salaries: This is a direct and valid conversion of statement s2 ("Some salaries are perks"). The statement "Some A are B" always implies that "Some B are A".

Conclusion:

Only conclusion c2 logically follows from the statements.

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