Step-by-step Solution:

The given 8-bit binary number is \( 11010011 \). Since the most significant bit (MSB) is 1, it represents a negative number in two's complement form. To find its decimal magnitude, we convert it by finding its two's complement (invert the bits and add 1): 1. Invert bits (find 1's complement): \( 00101100 \) 2. Add 1: \( 00101100 + 1 = 00101101 \) Now, convert \( 00101101 \) to decimal: \[ (0 \times 128) + (0 \times 64) + (1 \times 32) + (0 \times 16) + (1 \times 8) + (1 \times 4) + (0 \times 2) + (1 \times 1) \] \[ = 32 + 8 + 4 + 1 = 45 \] Since the original number was negative, the final decimal equivalent is \( -45 \).