Question 6

Mathematics Definite Integrals Hard

If&nbsp;<span class="math-tex">\(\rm I_n = \displaystyle\int_0^{\tfrac{\pi}{4}} \tan^n \theta \ d\theta \)</span>, then I<sub>8</sub>&nbsp;+ I<sub>6</sub>&nbsp;equals:

(A) <span class="math-tex">\(\dfrac14\)</span>
(B) <span class="math-tex">\(\dfrac15\)</span>
(C) <span class="math-tex">\(\dfrac16\)</span>
(D) <span class="math-tex">\(\dfrac17\)</span>
View Dynamic Solution & Explanation
Correct Solution: Option D

Step-by-step Solution:

Given: \[ I_n = \int_{0}^{\pi/4} \tan^n \theta \, d\theta \] Rewrite \( I_n \) as: \[ I_n = \int_{0}^{\pi/4} \tan^{n-2} \theta \cdot \tan^2 \theta \, d\theta \] Using \(\tan^2 \theta = \sec^2 \theta - 1\): \[ I_n = \int_{0}^{\pi/4} \tan^{n-2} \theta \cdot (\sec^2 \theta - 1) \, d\theta \] Expanding: \[ I_n = \int_{0}^{\pi/4} \tan^{n-2} \theta \cdot \sec^2 \theta \, d\theta - \int_{0}^{\pi/4} \tan^{n-2} \theta \, d\theta \] Substituting \( \tan \theta = t \), so \( \sec^2 \theta \, d\theta = dt \), the limits become \( \tan 0 = 0 \) and \( \tan(\pi/4) = 1 \): \[ I_n + I_{n-2} = \int_{0}^{1} t^{n-2} \, dt \] Solve the integral: \[ \int_{0}^{1} t^{n-2} \, dt = \left[\frac{t^{n-1}}{n-1}\right]_{0}^{1} = \frac{1}{n-1} \] Thus: \[ I_n + I_{n-2} = \frac{1}{n-1} \] For \( n = 8 \): \[ I_8 + I_6 = \frac{1}{7} \]