If \( \int_{\log 2}^{x} \frac{1}{\sqrt{e^t - 1}} \, dt = \frac{\pi}{6}. \), Then x =
Step-by-step Solution:
We are given the integral equation:
\[
\int_{\log 2}^{x} \frac{1}{\sqrt{e^t - 1}} \, dt = \frac{\pi}{6}.
\]
Step 1: Substituting \( e^t = u \)
Let:
\[
u = e^t \Rightarrow du = e^t dt.
\]
Thus,
\[
dt = \frac{du}{u}.
\]
Rewriting the integral in terms of \( u \):
\[
\int_{\log 2}^{x} \frac{dt}{\sqrt{e^t - 1}}.
\]
Using \( u = e^t \), we transform the integral:
\[
\int_{e^{\log 2}}^{e^x} \frac{\frac{du}{u}}{\sqrt{u - 1}}.
\]
Since \( e^{\log 2} = 2 \), the limits change from \( 2 \) to \( e^x \):
\[
\int_{2}^{e^x} \frac{du}{u \sqrt{u - 1}}.
\]
Step 2: Substituting \( u - 1 = v^2 \)
Let:
\[
u - 1 = v^2 \Rightarrow du = 2v dv.
\]
Substituting in the integral:
\[
\int_{2}^{e^x} \frac{2v dv}{(v^2 + 1) \sqrt{v^2}}.
\]
Simplifying,
\[
\int_{v_0}^{v_1} \frac{2v dv}{(v^2 + 1) v} = \int_{v_0}^{v_1} \frac{2 dv}{v^2 + 1}.
\]
Since \( \int \frac{2 dx}{x^2 + 1} = 2 \tan^{-1} x \), the integral evaluates to:
\[
2 \tan^{-1} v \Big|_{v_0}^{v_1}.
\]
For limits,
\( v_0 = \sqrt{2 - 1} = 1 \).
\( v_1 = \sqrt{e^x - 1} \).
Thus, we get:
\[
2 \left(\tan^{-1} \sqrt{e^x - 1} - \tan^{-1} 1\right) = \frac{\pi}{6}.
\]
Since \( \tan^{-1} 1 = \frac{\pi}{4} \), we simplify:
\[
2 \tan^{-1} \sqrt{e^x - 1} - \frac{\pi}{2} = \frac{\pi}{6}.
\]
\[
2 \tan^{-1} \sqrt{e^x - 1} = \frac{\pi}{2} + \frac{\pi}{6} = \frac{2\pi}{3}.
\]
\[
\tan^{-1} \sqrt{e^x - 1} = \frac{\pi}{3}.
\]
Step 3: Solving for \( x \)
Taking tangent on both sides:
\[
\sqrt{e^x - 1} = \tan \frac{\pi}{3}.
\]
Since \( \tan \frac{\pi}{3} = \sqrt{3} \), we square both sides:
\[
e^x - 1 = 3.
\]
\[
e^x = 4.
\]
\[
x = \log 4.
\]
Since \( \log 4 = 2 \log 2 \),
we conclude:
\(
2 \log 2
\)