Question 57

Logical Reasoning Basic Algebra Hard

Some friends planned to contribute equally to jointly buy a CD player. However, two of them decided to withdraw at the last minute. As a result, each of the others had to shell out one rupee more than what they had planned for. If the price (in Rs.) of the CD player is an integer between 1000 and 1100, find the number of friends who actually contributed?

(A) 44
(B) 23
(C) 21
(D) 46
View Dynamic Solution & Explanation
Correct Solution: Option A

Step-by-step Solution:

Step-by-Step Algebraic Solution

To solve this problem, we can set up equations based on the information provided and then use the given price range to find a unique solution.

1. Define Variables and Formulate Equations

  • Let N be the original number of friends.
  • Let P be the price of the CD player in Rs.

From the initial plan, the contribution per person was P/N. After two friends withdrew, the number of friends became (N-2) and the contribution became (P/N + 1).

This gives us the equation for the total price:

P = (N - 2) × (P/N + 1)

2. Simplify the Equation

Let's solve the equation to find a relationship between P and N.

P = (N - 2) × ( (P + N) / N )

P × N = (N - 2) × (P + N)

PN = PN + N2 - 2P - 2N

0 = N2 - 2P - 2N

2P = N2 - 2N

2P = N(N - 2)

P = N(N - 2) / 2

3. Use the Price Range Constraint

We are told that the price P is an integer between 1000 and 1100.

1000 < P < 1100

Substituting our expression for P:

1000 < N(N - 2) / 2 < 1100

Multiplying by 2:

2000 < N(N - 2) < 2200

4. Find the Value of N

We are looking for an integer N where the product of N and (N-2) is between 2000 and 2200. We can estimate N by noting that N(N-2) is approximately N2. Since $\sqrt{2000}$ is approximately 45, we can test values of N around 45.

  • If N = 46, N(N-2) = 46 × 44 = 2024. This is in the range.
  • If N = 47, N(N-2) = 47 × 45 = 2115. This is also in the range.
  • If N = 48, N(N-2) = 48 × 46 = 2208. This is outside the range.

So, the original number of friends N could be 46 or 47. However, the price P must be an integer.

  • If N = 46, P = 46 × 44 / 2 = 1012. This is an integer.
  • If N = 47, P = 47 × 45 / 2 = 1057.5. This is not an integer.

Therefore, the original number of friends (N) must have been 46.

Conclusion

The question asks for the number of friends who actually contributed, which is N - 2.

Number who contributed = 46 - 2 = 44.