Question 93

English Comprehension Easy

Which of the following reasons according to the passage provide material comforts to people in case of science?

Science and religion – the two terms have come to signify a mutual antagonism. The two, it is commonly declared, are poles apart; their spheres of activity and their methods differ widely, so much so that they are considered to be irreconcilable. On the face of it, science and religion appear to be the two opposite poles of man's consciousness.
Science is basically concerned with the material world; its efforts are directed towards unraveling the “how” of reality while religion is concerned with the “why” of reality. Science deals with analyzing tangible entities into its minutest parts, and then arrives at conclusions about the way in which tangible realities are organized. While science is analytical, religion takes the ultimate reality for granted. Religion follows the metaphysical path; the concept of God is ultimately a matter of faith and it is this faith which is the basis of the religious man's attribution of a design or meaning for the reality. The modes of action are different in science and religion. Science relies on experiment, whereas religion is based on experience. Any religious experience, whether it is Christ's or Ramakrishna's, is personal and subjective. Science, on the other hand, is marked by objectivity. Theory has to be corroborated by tangible proof. Science benefits mankind by providing material comforts. The frontiers of science do not end in knowledge but are extended to the formation of appliances for actual use. Science, it has been somewhat unfairly charged, cultivates the materialistic thinking. However, it has to be admitted that the mental attitude promoted by religion is entirely different, while the basis of scientific progress is unbridled curiosity and courageous endeavour, the truly religious spirit cavils at such presumption that man's mind can penetrate the mysteries of the universe. Science promotes fearless inquiry while an essential ingredient of religion is the humility born of fear of God. Science incorporates a love of experimental knowledge, while religion does not believe in the rational approach.

(A) The subjectivity of science
(B) Promotion of fearless inquiry by science
(C) Tangible proofs of the theories of science
(D) Materialistic thinking being cultivated by science
✓ Correct Answer: Option C Verified Solution

📘 Step-by-Step Solution & Detailed Explanation:

From the passage: science is analytical and works through experiment. It studies the "how" of the material world, needs tangible proof, and gives material comforts through appliances. Religion takes the ultimate reality for granted, follows the metaphysical path of faith, and is based on personal experience and humility.

Science gives material comforts by turning its theories, which are backed by tangible proof, into practical appliances. Of the options, the objective, tangibly proven nature of scientific theories is the reason that leads to useful applications.

Answer: (C)

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